Spinal radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a minimally invasive procedure used to treat chronic back or neck pain, often caused by arthritis in the small spinal joints known as facet joints. RFA works by using heat to destroy the sensory nerves which are transmitting pain signals from these joints to the brain.
Who is it for?
RFA is typically recommended for patients who have experienced good but short-term relief from diagnostic injections (called medial branch blocks) targeting the nerves supplying the facet joints. It is often used when other treatments like physiotherapy, medications, or other injections have not provided lasting relief.
How is the Procedure Done?
The procedure is performed under xray guidance to precisely target the nerves causing pain.
A small needle is placed near the affected nerve, and a special probe delivers controlled heat to the area and is typically done with local anaesthetic only.
Benefits of Facet Joint RFA
- Effective Pain Relief: Many patients experience significant and lasting relief from chronic neck or back pain.
- Minimally Invasive: Performed using a needle-based technique under imaging guidance with no need for surgery.
- Reduced Medication Use: Pain relief often leads to reduced reliance on oral pain medications, including opioids.
- Improved Function and Quality of Life: By reducing pain, RFA can help improve mobility, activity levels, and overall wellbeing.
- Quick Recovery: Most patients return to normal activities within a few days.
Risks and Potential Side Effects
While generally safe, spinal facet RFA carries some risks:
- Temporary Discomfort: Some soreness or a burning sensation at the treatment site is common for a few days after the procedure.
- Nerve Irritation or Neuropathy: Rarely, patients may experience increased nerve pain, numbness, or tingling.
- Infection or Bleeding: As with any needle-based procedure, there is a small risk of infection or bleeding at the insertion site.
- Failed Response: A minority of patients may not experience significant pain relief. Success rates vary but are typically around 60–80%.
- Muscle Spasms or Weakness: Occasionally, nearby muscles may feel weak or sore due to temporary nerve disruption.
Is It Right for You?
Facet joint RFA is typically offered to patients who have had successful diagnostic medial branch blocks confirming the facet joints as the source of their pain. Dr Bell will determine if this treatment is appropriate based on your symptoms, imaging findings, and response to prior interventions.