Third occipital nerve radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a targeted procedure used to treat chronic neck pain and headaches originating from the upper cervical spine, particularly around the C2–C3 facet joint. The third occipital nerve supplies this joint and can be a source of persistent pain following injury, arthritis, or whiplash.
Who is it for?
This procedure is typically recommended for patients who have experienced significant but temporary relief from diagnostic nerve blocks involving the third occipital nerve. If these blocks confirm the nerve as the pain source, RFA may provide longer-lasting relief.
How is the Procedure Done?
- The procedure is performed under xray guidance to ensure precise needle placement.
- A thin needle is inserted near the third occipital nerve, and a small probe delivers radiofrequency energy to gently heat the nerve, disrupting its ability to transmit pain signals.
- It is done under local anaesthetic and usually takes 30–45 minutes.
What to Expect After the Procedure
- Mild bruising or temporary soreness at the injection site is common.
- Some patients experience a temporary increase in neck discomfort or sensitivity before improvement begins.
- Pain relief typically starts within 1–3 weeks, and can last 6 to 18 months, depending on individual factors.
- Most patients return to normal activity within a few days.
- Some patients can experience dizziness or unsteadiness.
Risks and Side Effects
Third occipital nerve RFA is generally safe and well-tolerated. Possible side effects include:
- Temporary neck stiffness or skin numbness
- Mild headache or muscle spasm
- Rarely, infection or nerve irritation
- dizziness